Earlier this month we published the first complete translation of all of ninety-nine letters that survive in a single manuscript, the Codex epistolaris Carolinus. These remarkable eighth century political documents are from popes Gregory III, Zacharias, Stephen II, Paul I, the anti-pope Constantine, Stephen III and Hadrian I to, respectively Charles Martel, Pippin III, Carloman and … Continue reading
Locked down with the popes: the Codex epistolaris Carolinus
My constant companions during the isolation necessitated by the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 were a group of long-dead popes. Gregory III, Zacharias, Stephen II and his brother Paul I, their luckless successor Pope Constantine II,[1] Constantine’s ruthless deposer Stephen III, and the ostensibly more urbane Hadrian I[2] ruled the see of Rome in the second … Continue reading
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